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GIFT CARD 

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THIS CHRISTMAS WREAIH FbRTOU 



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PUBLISHED BY 



THE SCHOOL ARTS MAGAZINE 

The Davis Press, 25 Foster Street, Worcester, Mass. 



COPYRIGHTED 1922. BY THE DAVIS PRESS. INC., WORCESTER, MASS.. U. S. A. 



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Gift Card Designing 

Pedro J. Lemos 1% 

THERE is less satisfactory holiday hunting for greeting cards 
than for any other gift. Visit any shop where gift cards 
are in evidence and you will note how prospective purchasers go 
over and over the display, finding one here, discarding it later and 
at the end possibly making a hesitating and unsatisfied selection. 

Publishers have stated to me that if there is one symbol of the 
holiday season that should be rejuvenated, it is the custom of 
sending gift cards. We can all recall how dear to our e y es were 
the lace-edged, isinglass, snow-encrusted gift cards which had to 
be handled with finger tips, and the singing bird sentiments, which 
were so daintily revealed by a surprise opening of a flap. These 
cards, together with the horse-hair sofa and the wax flowers in a 
glass dome, were part of a certain evolution, and, of course, the 
only place now for such cards is way down at the bottom of some 
memory box. 

Previous to the world war, America was flooded with cards of 
a gingerbread tinsel order of decorations turned out by the million 
in foreign countries. These, as well as postcards, were printed in 
huge editions by sweat-shop methods, which, together with certain 
"can't-be-done-better" slogans, caused our own shops to fall back 
as competitors. 

Now we all know that, no matter how perfect the printing may 
be, the design and idea must be the selling factor of the gift card. 
And again, the more the idea and wording meet with the personal 
or local trend of the community in which it is distributed, the better 
it will be accepted. 

That possibly is the reason why you and I can't find what we 
want when we look for a card to express our personal feeling, 
because it was expressed either in Dresden or London or Hoboken 
or Squashville. What we need are cards that are typical commu- 
nity expressions from the parts of the country from which they come. 
It is just as foolish for me to send you a card from California with 
a home-coming sleigh scene having snow-burdened roofs for a 
back-ground, as it would be for you to send a decoration unrelated 
to your environment. Let's use motifs and scenes and wording 
which create the charm of our home section, and we will find that 
the card will be doubly welcomed by the recipient on that account. 

If the American card is to be encouraged in America, the design- 
ing and appreciation of such must be started right in the art rooms 
of our schools; and the most important part of such a problem is 
the lettering. 



MCVstoo 

Lettering need not be approached with fear and trembling, 
for it can be done with ease and pleasure. I know of students who 
shunned lettering because they thought it mechanical and labor- 
ious, but who, after discovering its possibilities, had almost to be 
bribed to do anything else. 

The old masters and artist-craftsmen recognized that lettering 
could be as artistic as the worker desired and nothing is more 
beautiful in lettering than the illuminated manuscripts and books 
of those ages. 

The easiest way to produce lettering is to use the lettering pens. 
These pens are made with a separate, small brass tip which is 
placed on the pen as a fountain. The fountain is filled from the 
quill of the drawing ink bottle, just as the ink is put into a ruling 
pen. As the pens come in about twelve different stroke-widths, 
it is well to have a pen holder for each size. This will save con- 
fusion and time. When the pen is being used it should be held so 
that both sides of the pen-point rest on the paper. It is not neces- 
sary to press the pen for wide parts, as it will almost automatically 
produce the wide strokes when brought downward and the thin 
strokes when brought upward. 

The board on which the drawing is made should be placed at 
an angle of 45. degrees to permit the ink to flow well. If too great 
a slant is used, the ink, strange to say, refuses to run up hill, and if 
the board is placed flat, the ink on the pen will be too ambitious 
to arrive. 

Before beginning a card, the idea should be roughly planned, so 
that the general forms may be considered. This is termed the 
"dummy." In planning the dummy, consider carefully the mar- 
gins. Good lettering is often spoiled by poor spacing. Because 
you are doing lettering, do not ignore design principles. Every 
design principle you know of can be used in lettering, just as it 
can be in any art application. 

To prevent your lettering from being at a slant, or "off its feet," 
to use the printer's term, you should rule light vertical plumb lines 
to guide your letter strokes. 

When lettering, remember that unity must be thought of contin- 
ually. If the finish of each stroke or "serif" is large on the first 
letter, it must be similar on all other letters. The thin strokes 
throughout a line of lettering should be equal in weight. This 
rule applies also to the thick strokes. The lettering pens take care 
of this if used properly and if no undue pressure is placed on the 
pen. 

A beautiful initial is always a happy beginning to a quotation. 
With color or illumination added, much charm is possible. If the 
lettering is on soft-surfaced paper, it will be found that a leather 
tool or other metal point can be used for tooling the initial from the 



CH690543 



back as well as from the front. Gold or silver water colors, added 
with proper restraint give a sparkle to the card. 

If your class wishes to raise funds for some worthy enterprise 
try having a class competition for gift cards. The verses can be 
a problem for the class in English. Selecting the best half-dozen 
designs, get in touch with an engraver, and have the students make 
working-drawings. Right there you will learn something new 
about drawing for the industries. Then after the engravings are 
received, if your school is one of the fortunate ones with a print- 
ing department, have your students co-operate with the printing 
students in, securing the right colors, etc. Plan envelopes, which 
can be easily made by cutting the paper from patterns and then 
folding and pasting them together. 

Beginners in gift card designing should all be encouraged to 
start with simple work, similar to that in Plate 3. Such work 
results in well-designed cards and is encouraging to the originator. 
The idea of using cut paper is always good with amateur artists, 
as it helps them to keep their work simple and makes color harmon- 
ies easier. Elaborate ideas, such as figures, ornate designs, etc., 
should be avoided at the start. 

In selecting colors, the students should be encouraged to use 
subdued or grayed tones, for, by this means, they are much more 
certain of obtaining a rich-looking card. There are too many 
printed cards already on the market which are done in gaudy colors, 
without adding more. If cut paper cards are made, the students 
can decide on the colors they want by laying strips of the colored 
paper side by side, until the best color scheme has been decided 
upon. 

Too much stress cannot be laid upon good placing or arrangement 
of the lettering. In Plate 4, we have a series of cards that are 
fairly good, but that would have been quite a bit improved by bet- 
ter lettering. The ideas and general arrangement of these cards 
make them good suggestions. 

Often we find students in classes turning out cards all based 
upon the same general composition. It is easy for students to 
follow a general type of card suggested by the teacher or some 
progressive young artist. In Plate 5, we find a page of ten 
typical arrangements. Although different as to basic composi- 
tion, they are all good, and can be used as a start for original work. 
Always bear in mind the idea that both lettering and decoration 
should be in complete harmony. Light fantastic lettering, for 
instance, would not be in harmony with heavy, bold decorations. 

In late years we find many artists and designers, who cannot 
find suitable cards in the book shops, sketching designs of their 
own and having them printed. In this way they can put in an 
individual touch and produce a card that exactly meets their 

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requirements. Although such a card is more expensive than a 
stock card, the plan works out well for those who have a fair list 
of mailing acquaintances. A p. 'fi of such cards is shown in Plate 6. 

The use of flat, massive tones, provided the colors are not too 
heavy, always makes a distinctive card. Plate 7 shows a page of 
such designs. A good typical example is the card in the lower 
right hand corner which contains the quotation from Dickens. 
The use of toned paper often helps. At most art stores it is possible 
to obtain a vegetable parchment paper which makes splendid 
material on which to draw or print the strong, decorative type of 
gift card. 

Oftentimes we receive or send holiday cards that are based on a 
humorous trend. Nothing takes so well as a bit of verse with a 
smile tied onto it somewhere, provided it is well done. A cheerful 
card is generally kept and placed where its owner can see it often. 
Designs for such cards should be well-planned, in order to avoid an 
appearance of the comic valentine in their general make-up. A 
page of work having the semi-humorous element is found in 
Plate 8. 

Anyone desiring to reproduce an artistic card with the minimum 
expense, will do well to look into the idea of using cut linoleum. 
By planning motifs that hold well together, and are strong in 
design, it is possible to cut out some very acceptable blocks in 
heavy linoleum. From these, almost any number of gift cards 
can be printed by hand in varied colors. When dry, these cards 
can be hand colored. Because of the difficulty in cutting out the 
letters, one should use as few words as possible. Designs adapted 
to this work are found in Plate 9. 

Occasionally, students having a natural bent or enthusiasm for 
design will be found anxious to produce a card of the style found in 
Plate 10. In cards of this kind, careful attention must be given 
to the motifs used and to the placing of these motifs in the general 
composition. As most of the stress is laid on the design, rather 
than the lettering, it is important that this design be well planned 
and equally well carried out. In case of doubt, it is better to leave 
out some of the ornament rather than have the card overcrowded 
or ornate. 

The holiday motifs shown in Plate 11 are not only adapted to 
gift cards, but also to posters, place cards, and room or tree dec- 
orations. It is a good problem to allow the students to take such a 
page of motifs and from them to plan their own card, using their 
own ideas as to size of card, proportion, lettering, etc. This is 
splendid training for the artists in the line of what is known to the 
printers as "make-up." After the preliminary sketches have been 
made the teacher can call attention to mistakes in balance, rhythm, 
etc., and suggest corrections. 



Other useful ornaments, not only for Christmas but also for 
Easter and Hallowe'en, are found in Plates 12 and 13. The test 
of a student's ability lies in the way he is able to arrange such 
motifs into a good card, or the manner in which he derives ideas 
from these motifs for original work. 

Plate 14 gives us some very effective motifs for Washington's 
Birthday. These figures can be cut in paper, done in opaque wash, 
or finished in pen and ink. Original poems may be written by 
members of the class and added to the card. School programs 
or invitations can be made a class problem for this topic. 

Valentines also afford a good opportunity for a class problem. 
Try to encourage in the students the development of new ideas or 
original treatment in the handling of their valentine cards. A 
card does not need to be gaudy, over-elaborate, or grotesque, in 
order to be attractive. A few simple motifs, well placed, and with 
good coloring, will produce the most pleasing kind of a card. 
Humorous cards, containing good clean fun are always acceptable, 
if well done. 

A Valentine containing unique possibilities is shown in Plate 16. 
The same idea can be varied so as to make a number of novel cards. 
The little envelope, which this card features, is easily constructed 
and will hold quite a message, if written carefully. The figure of 
the messenger can be hand colored in buff and vermilion. 

The cards and motifs shown on these plates make a series of 
general suggestions. Based on the types shown here, as regards 
lettering, design, and card sizes, gift cards for the various holidays 
and for birthdays can be planned and worked out. Once your 
students produce such cards, they will never again be satisfied 
with stock cards. Successful students can find remuneration 
as well as much joy in designing gift cards for their friends' needs, 
and in time may be able to create a market in their own locality. 



Outline for Problems in Gift Card Work 

Problem 1. Have students select or originate a good Christmas sentiment. 
Next, sketch on an 8 x 10 sheet of pencil paper four different arrangements of 
this idea. 

Problem 2. After selecting the best composition from sketches in 
Problem 1, plan a card and envelope arrangement to go with it. Study over 
suggestions given in Plate 2. 

Problem 3. Using three colors and a tinted paper, complete the idea 
planned in Problems 1 and 2. Possibly two varied types of cards can be worked 
up. 

Problem 4. As a variation, design and complete two simple cards in cut 
paper. Use about four colors, using the background as one of the colors. 



Problem 5. Keeping the flat decorative type of work as a standard 
study the cards in Plate 7. Next, design a Christmas folder of two or four 
pages, having a cover design and lettered verse inside. 

Problem 6. Plan a set of four holiday tags or stickers to go with packages. 
These should not exceed 2x3 inches in size and can be of the semi-humorous 
type. 

Problem 7. Have students copy a good pen alphabet using both the capi- 
tals and small letters. This card should be made on a 8 x 10 sheet of bristol 
board. 

Problem 8. Either look up or originate some text that will make a good 
holiday gift. Block out a wall card that will be about 6x9 inches in proportion 
and design the motto to fit this space using the pen letters studied. 

Problem 9. Study the cut paper cards made in Problem 4. Also look at 
Plate 9. Next, on pencil paper, block out two compositions that will cut 
well in linoleum. Select the best and work it out carefully in color, planning 
every part in flat tones. 

Problem 10. From color sketch, trace and cut out the linoleum blocks. 
Using opaque water colors, print a set of fifteen or twenty good cards. Meke 
envelopes to go with them. Vary color schemes if desired. 

Problem 11. Allow each student to originate a color scheme and table plan 
for a Christmas dinner. After this has been perfected, have each student 
make six place cards to go with the decorations. 

Problem 12. Study suggestions in Plate 12 and 13. From these or other 
material, design one round and one oblong sticker to be placed on a gift package. 
This may be for any of the holidays or for a birthday. 

Problem 13. Look over Plate 14. Using these suggestions or similar ones, 
plan a program or an invitation to Washington's Birthday exercises at the 
school. Size and color optional. 

Problem 14. Study Plates 15 and 1.6. Next, design two good Valentines, 
one being of the greeting type and the other having some novelty added, as the 
one found in Plate 16. Keep lettering clear and simple. 

Problem 15. Design an artistic Easter Card, using white or cream paper 
and delicate coloring. Tie with appropriate cord or.ribbon. 

Problem 16. . Plan invitations to a Fourth of July party. Work for a 
unique effect without using too many colors. 

Problem 17. Do the same with Hallowe'en, using cut paper instead of 
colors. 

Problem 18. Design an invitation to a Thanksgiving dinner, using a 
combination of ink outlines and flat washes of watercolor. 



Gift Card Designing 



44-38-39 



Christmas Cards 



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THe "Dummy" 

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The Gxaide Lines 



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eJustr a ■ 
aliiorriia. 
greeting 
This is all-' 
at IcamendL 
|}ui H means 
♦a thousan ' 
• • • blessm. 
From your* 
California friend!) 








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tt means 




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Complete <L CardL 



Plate 1 

A Good Gift Card is always first sketched in lightly and planned from the standpoint of good 
balance and design. In designing a card always try several small arrangements or compositions 
before deciding on the one to complete. 



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Gift Card Designing 



44-38-39 



Christmas Cards 











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with qreetiiaq 
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Plate 2 

In Addition to the planning of the lettering, the designer has an opportunity for invention as 
regards the type of card and its envelope or container. A novel idea goes a long way toward 
success. 



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Gift Card Designing 



44-38-42 



Christmas Cards 




> 



Plate 3 



Nothing pleases the receiver so much as a hand finished card from some good friend. Above 
are some simple designs that any artist could produce. These originals were made by children. 



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Gift Card Designing 



44-42 



Christmas Cards 




^TAR.YOU CAN LEAD 
ZT ME All THE WAY 
[Qhro DARKEST NIGHT 
AND BRIGHTEST DAY 







10 ALL THIS 

candle light 
is beaming 

With Christmas 
'£ joy IN ALL ITS 
I GLEAMING 



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5 

a. b.p 




MM always safe 
P^when mt good Star 
[Guides meat home 
or wayward tar 




I 



ERE 13 A BRANCH 

of barberry 
[Dent in good old 

fashioned style 
[mjay it bring a 

christmas merry 
0nd everything 

else worth while 



TheChristmasCandle 

Sheds Its Light 
AndBringsGoodCheer 
OnChristmasIght 




FSHESE LITTLE BIRDS SO 
LLl LIGHT AND FREE 
SIRING (HR.I5TMAS JOY 



5 



FOR. YOU AND ME 




May yuletide 

B CHEER 
E YOURS THIS 
YEAR 




R 



ING MERRY BEUS 
AND SCATTER 
WIDE 
THE HAPPINESS 
OFCHRISTMAS 
TIDE 




£S 



HeRE:5AMERRY 
CHRISTMAS TO YOU 
0AY IT LA5T THE 
WHOLE YEAR THROUGH 



Plate 4 

Another Page containing some simple compositions. By using subdued tones of green, red 
and white on a gray or buff paper, very interesting color effects may be obtained. These were 
made by students in high school grades. 



Ci* 






Gift Card Designing 



44-1-38-42 



Christmas Cards 



wmmmmmmmmmmm 
iJ&KKS WlILlAMS AND 

Hope this m\v Be j, 
..rcHRis'Rn\s,>ouC 

.HAD, AND TH<? Y*>I©T-£ 

XXI 6V€R Will HAW.^J9T>^ 

AloN;.3r,HTir AWNCie, WR^OleR. 



""E^exry- Ctaiitma/ 
/• to alia.— 




Plate 5 

Christmas Cards. Ten typical arrangements. 1. Full panel decorations. 2. Initial dec- 
oration. 3. Ornamental initial. 4. Text illustrated. 5. Lettering only. 6. Lettering 
and panel ornament. 7. Panel decoration and text panel. 8. Pictorial panel and text. 9. 
Border decoration. 10. Free symbol and text. All the originals, several published for general 
sale, others privately printed, were in color. 3, 6, 7, 9, and 10 were hand colored. To make an 
original card, choose the arrangement that seems most desirable, and substitute elements having a 
personal appeal — other salutations or quotations and appropriate decorative elements. 



v-ve 



Gift Card Designing 



44-42 



Christmas Cards 




Plate 6 

Four Varied Styles of design in holiday cards, for more advanced talent. Note how each 
one is based on a foundation of good design. These cards were all designed by those sending them 
out as personal greetings. 



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Gift Card Desgining 



44 



Christmas Cards 







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Plate 7 

A Page of strong designs made by art school students. Notice how the designs have been kept 
in simple broad masses and the lettering made part of the design. The originals in color were 
even more unified. 



Gift Card Designing 



44-38-39 



Christmas Cards 







terry the Ghasferas dawn, 

IjeaitsrmmytDo; j 

l&iii* is the gwduil3L,1 





Het this messenger 

Bring to you 

JHyChris-tmas greetings 

And friendship true. 






The old ti met gtethe atwtimesame, 

. Dal to wisLycaevejyfujiptsuKsuW 

UootnrwLkf now. 





ihea M fl always bring to sobi * 
A ladding M all 4ak ilrase, 



<y^t^^^>u^^A^U^mt^-j!Unis/ 




Plate 8 

A Page of Christmas Cards in which a semi-humorous element has been incorporated. Cards 
like these often create a pleasant variation from the more formal ones. These were designed by 
high school students. ! > J > 



,W4 



Gift Card Designing 



44-38-39 



Christmas Cards 




Plate 9 

Strong, Well Massed Designs like these are well adapted to work in cut linoleum. If printed 
in a deep gray or brown and hand colored with light washes of transparent color they make an 
unusually rich looking card. ] .». 



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Gift Card Designing 



44-38-39 



Christmas Cards 




HURRAH FOR 
CHRISTMAS 







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PCACG ON 6ARTH 
GCCfcWILLTC HSN 





THATlUG 
SH0UL5 

SI*$G ANd 
OKTRRYBG 




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Plate 10 

Cards using figures of the poster type. In these the accent has been placed on the decorative 
design quality. If properly done, such a problem gives the student fine training in spacing, 
balance and rhythm, and results in a highly artistic card. 



uH 



Gift Card Designing 



44 



Christmas Motifs 




Plate 11 

A Set of holiday motifs that will help in planning Christmas Gift Cards or quotations. These 
are simple enough to be used by beginners. 



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Gift Card Designing 



44 



Holiday Motifs 






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NOT Jerusalem, 
Lowly Bdhlehem 
Twas that gave us 
Christ to save us, 
Not Jerusalem. 
CAVORED Bdhlehem 
1 Honored is that name 
Thence came Jesxis 
lb release uj 
Favored Bethlehem. 




Plate 12 

A Page of useful holiday designs. These may be used as the basis of original cards. Their 
wide range suggests a variation of techniques. Simple line drawings, similar to that of Hallowe'en 
are best adapted to hand coloring. 



ne \tl 



Gift Card Designing 



44 



Holiday Motifs 




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Plate 



Another Page of good suggestions. The silhouette at the top suggests possibilities in cut 
paper for the little folks. The use of cut out motifs in colored paper is an easy way for the younger 
artists to make their cards. 



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Gift Card Designing 



44-15 



Colonial Programs 






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REDUCED 
SI3LE OF 
CAELD 
SHOWING 
PLAN OF 
FOLDER, 



mb mink 6&& 

isMftnttuljtmJas 

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— <c /€?ape 

V cordial]/ 
Q^/inviited to 
attend the exercises 
on Washington's 
Birtbdo/ ar the 
Central School, 
at two o'clock-?. 




MsniNQTON 
DAY 

Proc 



192.1 



Plate 14 

Suggestions for Washington's Birthday. Silhouettes may be produced in cut paper, stencil 
work, opaque colors or pen and ink. Both Washington's and Lincoln's Birthday offer good oppor- 
tunities for art projects. 



etc 

V— 



Gift Card Designing 



44-38 



Valentines 




Plate 15 

A Page of interesting Valentine designs. The use of a light and dark color against a medium 
toned paper is a sure way of obtaining quick and effective results. Variations, without figures, can 
be made by the younger artists. 



Gift Card Designing 



44 



Valentine Card 



Pattern, for (Envelope 



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Cnvelope 
seeded 



Message enclosed 



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& MesseNGeR V/^LeKTiiSG witk a real 
envelope to carry* ybur message ••• 



Plate 16 



A Unique Valentine Design. In this one an individual message can be written and put in 
the little envelope. Variations, such as a little dog holding a valentine-letter or a bird with 
one in his bill might be worked out similar to this idea. 



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